四问缺陷汽车召回制
汽车产品召回管理规定出台 四问缺陷汽车召回制
一问：
汽车召回制主要内容
备受关注的《缺陷汽车产品召回管理规定》终于在今年“3·１5”诞生了。2002年10月，质检总局曾经发布《缺陷汽车产品召回管理规定(草案)》，向社会各界征求意见。那么正式出台的《规定》与当时公布的《草案》比有哪些变化，其中的意义又是什么？
日前，国家质检总局法规司法规处处长毕玉安向新华社记者做了解释。
毕玉安说，正式出台的《规定》与征求意见的《草案》基本相同。《规定》共8章46条，《草案》共8章41条。《规定》与《草案》最大的不同是增加了海关、商务部等部门的职能。按照《规定》，如果发现一款进口汽车有缺陷而没有召回，海关将停止办理缺陷汽车产品的进口报关手续。在缺陷汽车产品暂停进口公告发布前，已经运往我国尚在途中的，或业已到达我国尚未办结海关手续的缺陷汽车产品，应由进口商按海关有关规定办理退运手续。
另外，记者发现在《草案》中对汽车缺陷的定义是“指由于设计、制造等方面的原因而在某一批次、型号或类别的汽车产品中普遍存在的具有同一性的缺陷，具体包括汽车产品存在危及人身、财产安全的不合理危险，以及不符合有关汽车安全的国家标准、行业标准两种情形。”但是在正式出台的《规定》中，对汽车缺陷的定义是“指由于设计、制造等方面的原因而在某一批次、型号或类别的汽车产品中普遍存在的具有同一性的危及人身、财产安全的不合理危险，或者不符合有关汽车安全的国家标准的情形。”去掉了“行业标准”。
二问：
与“三包规定”有何不同
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The clutch master cylinder is
located next to the brake master cylinder. A slave
cylinder is attached to the release lever at the
clutch. The two cylinders are attached hydraulically
by tubing and hose.
A hydraulically operated
clutch.
To Remove:
- Take off the
reservoir cover and remove the fluid
from the reservoir.
- Disconnect any
wires connected to the reservoir or
master cylinder body.
- Disconnect the
tubes.
- Remove the nuts or
bolts attaching the master cylinder to
the vehicle.
- Slide the master
cylinder off. If it will move only a
short distance but no farther, replace
one of the nuts or bolts (finger tight)
to support the master cylinder and then
disconnect the pushrod from the pedal.
After disconnecting the clip or pin and
clip holding the pushrod to the pedal,
try to remove the master cylinder again.
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To Replace:
- When installing a
new master cylinder, it is a good
practice to flush the cylinder with
clean brake fluid. This is done to
remove any debris that might be left
over from the manufacturing process or
chemical coatings that were used to
protect the cylinder from corrosion. To
flush a master cylinder, simply fill the
reservoirs and the cylinder bores about
one-third full with clean brake fluid,
install the reservoir cover, plug the
line ports, shake the cylinder to work
the fluid all around, and drain out all
the fluid.
- Bench
bleed the cylinder.
- If the old master
cylinder used a boot or hub seal, a new
one should be installed as the master
cylinder is being replaced.
- Place the master
cylinder in position, replace the
mounting bolts or nuts, and tighten them
to the correct torque.
- Reconnect the
pushrod to the pedal as necessary.
- Remove the plugs or
bleeder tubes from the outlet port as
you connect the line. Do not tighten the
line yet. Place a shop cloth under the
line fitting to catch any fluid that may
leak out.
- Fill the reservoir
about three-fourths full with brake
fluid.
- Have an assistant
slowly push the pedal as you observe the
connections a the outlet port. They will
probably be leaking some fluid with air
bubbles. Continue the pedal strokes
until only fluid with no air bubbles
leaves the connection.
- At this point,
tighten the connection with the pedal is
being pushed downward.
- Fill the reservoir
to the correct level and replace the
cover.
- Reconnect any wires
that were disconnected.
- Check the brake
pedal free travel and adjust it if
necessary. There should be 1/16 to 1/8
in. (1.6 to 3.1 mm) of free travel
before the pushrod engages the piston in
the master cylinder.
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