贾新光：2005年3月国内汽车工业产销分析
——摘自搜狐网(http://auto.sohu.com)
（搜狐汽车评论 贾新光/文）
一．当月产销分析
与2月相比，3月汽车产销量有大幅度增长。3月全国汽车产量完成57.03万辆，比上月增长71.35%；销售完成58.24万辆，比上月增长82.82%。
从分类产量来看，各车型均比上月有大幅度增长，其中商用车增长85.08%，乘用车增长63.87%，其中基本型乘用车增长78.11%。
二、累计产销量分析
1－3月累计汽车产量完成130.96万辆，比同期增长0.87%；销售完成126.66万辆，比同期下降1.16%。其中：乘用车累计产销82.58万辆和82.13万辆，同比分别下降1.78%和3.16%；其中基本型乘用车产销53.43万辆和51.23万辆，分别下降6.38％和9.25％。商用车累计产销48.38万辆和45.53万辆，同比分别增长5.76%和2.61%。其中客车累计产销分别为3.90万辆和3.91万辆，同比分别下降9.52%和8.67%；
货车累计产销30.45万辆和29.68万辆，同比增长3.51%和1.30%。
三、2005年1－2月经济效益分析
2005年1-2月,全行业完成工业总产值1547.25亿元，同比增长8.33%；产品销售收入完成1425.32亿元，同比增长2.81%；利润总额完成39.17亿元，同比下降59.31%。
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The never-ending twisting and
untwisting of the coil spring (or the torsion bar)
lead to inevitable loss of elasticity and spring
sag. Coil springs, then, require replacement because
they sag in service. A sagged coil spring upsets
vehicle trim height resulting in upset wheel
alignment angles, steering angles, headlight aiming,
braking distribution, riding quality, tire tread
life, shock life, and U-joint life.
Coil springs also break.
Downsized cars are often forced to carry the same
loads as their larger counterparts, mostly because
people and their hauling needs did not down-size
along with the cars.
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The coil spring exerts a tremendous force
on the control arm. Before you disconnect
either control arm from the knuckle for any
service operation, contain the spring with a
spring compressor to prevent it from flying
out and causing injury.
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- To remove a coil spring,
raise and support the vehicle by its frame. Let
the control arm hang free.
- Remove wheels, shock
absorbers, and stabilizer links. Disconnect the
outer tie-rod ends from their respective arms.
- Unload the ball joints with
a roll-around floor jack.
- Jack under the lower
control arm from the opposite side of the
vehicle.
- This allows the jack to
roll back when the control arm is lowered.
- Position the jack as close
to the lower ball joint as possible for maximum
leverage against the spring.
- The spring is ready for the
installation of the spring compressor.
A coil spring compressor is
used to compress the spring before disconnecting
some suspension parts.
- There are many different
types of spring compressors.
- One type uses a threaded
compression rod that fits through two plates, an
upper and lower ball nut, a thrust washer, and a
forcing nut.
- The two plates are
positioned at either end of the spring.
- The compression rod fits
through the plates with a ball nut at either
end. The upper ball nut is pinned to the rod.
- The thrust washer and
forcing nut are threaded onto the end of the
rod.
- Turning the forcing nut
draws the two plates together and compresses the
spring.
- In some cases, it is
necessary to break the tapers of both upper and
lower ball joints so the steering knuckle can be
moved to one side.
When this tool is expanded,
it forces the ball joint stud out of the steering
knuckle taper. Courtesy of American Honda Motor Co.,
Inc.
- If the vehicle is equipped
with a strut rod, this must be disconnected at
the lower control arm.
- Push the control arm down
until the spring can be removed. If necessary, a
pry bar can be used to remove the spring from
its lower seat. Remove the spring and
compressor.
- If the same spring is to be
reinstalled, leave the compressor in position.
If a new spring is to be used, slowly release
the pressure on the tool by backing off the
forcing nut.
- Compress the new spring
prior to installing it.
Wheel Alignment
Following completion
of suspension repair jobs, a wheel alignment
will be required. This will reposition
suspension components so that the car will
be safe to drive and will go straight
without unusual tire wear.
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